: Climate change: Southern Annular Mode

natural phenomenon > climatic phenomenon > annular mode > Southern Annular Mode

Southern Annular Mode

The leading mode of climate variability of Southern Hemisphere sea level pressure and geopotential height, which is associated with the strength and latitudinal shifts in the mid- to high-latitudes westerly wind belt. The SAM is also known as the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO). A positive SAM phase is defined as lower-than-normal pressures over the polar regions and higher-than-normal pressures in the southern mid-latitudes, with a contraction towards Antarctica and strengthening of the westerly wind belt. The negative SAM phase exhibits positive high-latitude pressure anomalies, negative mid-latitude pressure anomalies and a weaker westerly flow expanded towards the equator. (Source: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_FullReport.pdf)

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