: MeSH: Eutrophication

Biological Phenomena > Ecological and Environmental Phenomena > Eutrophication

Eutrophication

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The enrichment of a terrestrial or aquatic ECOSYSTEM by the addition of nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, that results in a superabundant growth of plants, ALGAE, or other primary producers. It can be a natural process or result from human activity such as agriculture runoff or sewage pollution. In aquatic ecosystems, an increase in the algae population is termed an algal bloom. The growth of a superabundance of algae usually from an enrichment of a natural body of water by the addition of dissolved nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus. The enrichment may be natural, or unnatural, for example, from WATER POLLUTION, or controlled such as is done for the aquaculture of PHYTOPLANKTON. If the bloom becomes detrimental to animals, it is called a HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM.

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