: MeSH: Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System

... > Enzymes > Oxidoreductases > Oxygenases > Mixed Function Oxygenases > Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins > Proteins > Hemeproteins > Cytochromes > Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System

Enzymes and Coenzymes > Cytochromes > Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System

Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System

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A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism.

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