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Concept information

phenomenon > memory phenomenon > revelation effect

Preferred term

revelation effect  

Definition

  • In a recognition test, tendency to judge as old items that are degraded, distorted, revealed by steps and that have to be discovered.

Broader concept

Related concepts

Belongs to group

Bibliographic citation(s)

  • • Aßfalg, A. (2017). Revelation effect. In R. Pohl (Ed.), Pohl, R. (Ed.). Intriguing phenomena in judgment, thinking, and memory (pp. 339–356). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315696935

    [Study type: literature review / Access: closed]
  • • Aßfalg, A., Bernstein, D. M., & Hockley, W. (2017). The revelation effect: A meta-analytic test of hypotheses. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(6), 1718–1741. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1227-6

    [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
  • • Brandt, M., Aßfalg, A., Zaiser, A.-K., & Bernstein, D. M. (2020). A computational approach to the revelation effect. Journal of Memory and Language, 112, 104091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104091

    [Study type: empirical study, simulation study / Access: closed]
  • • Greene, R. L. (2007). Foxes, hedgehogs, and mirror effect: The role of general principles in memory research. In J. S. Nairne (Ed.), The Foundations of Remembering: Essays in Honor of Henry L. Roediger, III (pp. 53–66). New York: Psychology Press.

    [Study type: literature review / Access: closed]
  • • Watkins, M. J., & Peynircioglu, Z. F. (1990). The revelation effect: When disguising test items induces recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(6), 1012–1020. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.16.6.1012

    [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed]

Creator

  • Frank Arnould

Has study method(s)

Dataset citation(s)

  • • Aßfalg, A. (2016, December 14). Aßfalg, Currie, & Bernstein (Memory & Cognition) - Task difficulty moderates the revelation effect. https://osf.io/uwrgp/
  • • Brandt, M. (2019, March 30). A computational approach to the revelation effect. https://osf.io/khgd7/

Editorial note

  • One way of testing for the revelation effect is as follows (Watkins and Peynircioglu, 1990). First, subjects memorize a list of words. Then, in the recognition test, some words are normally presented, without degradation. Other words are presented starting with their first two letters, then their first three letters and so on until their complete form. The results show that subjects recognize more often the words revealed to them gradually than the words normally presented, even when these words have never been studied (false recognition). Another word revelation procedure consists of asking participants to study a list of 80 words and then to recognize them among 160 words (Greene, 2007). In this recognition test, the words were presented in their usual form for subjects in the control group. For the subjects in the revelation group, the words were presented in the form of anagrams. They had to solve these anagrams and then decide whether or not they recognized the words. Subjects in the revelation group were better at recognizing the words being studied, but also committed more false recognition than subjects in the control group.

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URI

http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/P66-DBTDMRDP-B

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