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Concept information

phenomenon > metamemory phenomenon > foresight bias

Preferred term

foresight bias  

Definition

  • Illusion of competence leading the subject to overestimate the future performance of his/her own memory when there is an inherent discrepancy between the learning situation and the test conditions (Koriat & Bjork, 2005).

Broader concept

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Bibliographic citation(s)

  • • Koriat, A., & Bjork, R. A. (2005). Illusions of competence in monitoring one’s knowledge during study. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 31(2), 187-194. https://doi./org/10.1037/0278-7393.31.2.187

    [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed]

Creator

  • Frank Arnould

Editorial note

  • For example, Koariat & Bjork (2005, Experiment 2) asked people to learn word pairs. After each pair, participants were asked to indicate how likely they thought they would be able to recall the second word in the pair using the first as a cue (judgment of learning). The word pairs were constructed using either forward or backward associations. For example, in English, the “umbrella-rain” pair is based on a forward association because, according to verbal association data, the probability of the word “umbrella” eliciting the word “rain” is high. In contrast, the reverse pair “rain-umbrella” relies on a backward association because the probability of the word “rain” to elicit the word umbrella is low. At the time of testing, the first word of each pair was presented to the subjects who had to remember the word associated with it. The results showed that participants judged that they would remember the words of the forward pairs just as well as the backward pairs. Yet, in reality, they remembered the forward pairs better and thus subjectively exaggerated their ability to remember the backward pairs.

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URI

http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/P66-FW2KQBFZ-4

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