: Paleoclimatology: carbohydrate

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carbohydrate

Carbohydrates are a class of organic compounds containing a carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone) and at least two hydroxyl groups (-OH). This class includes substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group, by oxidation of at least one chain-terminal functional group to a carboxylic acid, or by replacement of one or more hydroxyl groups by a hydrogen atom, an amino group, a thiol group or any similar atom. Carbohydrates were initially (and incorrectly) named carbohydrates, as it was observed that their elemental composition could fit a Cn(H2O)p model. However, chemistry soon discovered that these compounds are not 'hydrates', hence the need for a name change... which has not yet been fully implemented by English speakers, who still use the term 'carbohydrates', or German speakers, who speak of 'Kohlenhydrate'. Along with proteins and lipids, carbohydrates are essential components of living beings and their nutrition, as they are one of the main biological intermediates for the storage and consumption of energy. (Adapted and translated from: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucide)

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